Heart failureHeart healthGeneral wellness

Are you at risk for heart failure?

Learn about six factors—including excess weight and certain medications—that could raise your risk of this heart condition.


LearnHeartHeart failureAre you at risk for heart failure?
High blood pressure
Obesity
Sleep apnea
Smoking
Certain medications
Drinking alcohol

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Can you lower your risk for heart failure? In a word: yes.

While some risk factors for this common heart condition, such as family history and congenital heart disease (heart problems that are present at birth), are out of your control, there are many lifestyle changes you can make to lower your risk. And since heart failure is usually caused by damage that weakens the heart muscle, the same approaches can also help prevent a heart attack.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is “paramount,” says Andrew Behunin, DO, a cardiologist at MountainStar Heart Center at St. Mark’s Hospital, in Salt Lake City, Utah. In his experience, being active and mindful of your food choices are among the most effective ways to improve your heart health.

Keep reading to learn more about risk factors for heart failure, and what you can do to lower each of them.

Sources: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institut... + 14
  1. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Heart failure treatment. Page last updated March 24, 2022.
  2. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. What is heart failure? Page last updated March 24, 2022.
  3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Heart Failure. Page last reviewed January 5, 2023.
  4. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. What is high blood pressure? Page last updated March 24, 2022.
  5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. High blood pressure symptoms and causes. Page last reviewed May 18, 2021.
  6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Know your risk for high cholesterol. Page last reviewed March 20, 2023.
  7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Losing weight: Getting started. Page last reviewed June 3, 2022.
  8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Physical activity for a healthy weight. Page last reviewed June 16, 2022.
  9. Neter JE, Stam BE, Kok FJ, et al. Influence of weight reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hypertension. 2003 Nov;42(5):878-84.
  10. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Sleep Apnea. Page last reviewed January 20, 2023.
  11. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Benefits of quitting smoking. Page last updated March 24, 2022.
  12. Johns Hopkins Medicine. Smoking and cardiovascular disease. Accessed on March 25, 2023.
  13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. How to quit. Page last reviewed June 17, 2021.
  14. UpToDate. NSAIDs: Adverse cardiovascular effects. Page last updated February 2022.
  15. Johns Hopkins Medicine. Alcohol and heart health: Separating fact from fiction. Accessed on March 25, 2023.
Written by Kimberly Goad.
Medically reviewed by Ann Wendling, MD, MPH.January, 2026
Updated onNovember, 2026
Written by Kimberly Goad.
Medically reviewed by Ann Wendling, MD, MPH.January, 2026
Updated onNovember, 2026
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