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While trying to cope with emotional pain or discomfort, some teens and young adults turn to non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI)—like cutting, burning, self-hitting, or scratching—to manage these difficult or overwhelming feelings.
“Those who engage in NSSIs are seeking a way to calm themselves, or to cope with negative emotions,” says Allison Kress, Psy.D., a clinical psychologist in Seattle, Washington, and leading expert in cutting and self-injury.
Dr. Kress says self-injury is very common and appears to be on the rise. About 17 percent of adolescents have self-harmed at some point. Kress cautions that if it isn’t properly addressed, the practice can sometimes escalate, and in some cases, continue into adulthood.
Sources: Cornell University. What is self-injury?... + 12
- Cornell University. What is self-injury? Accessed September 18, 2024.
- Maureen Salamon. Cutting and self-harm: Why it happens and what to do. Harvard Health Publishing. May 31, 2023.
- Mental Health America (MHA). Self-Injury (Cutting, Self-Harm Or Self-Mutilation). Accessed September 18, 2024.
- Tori DeAngelis. Who self-injures? Monitor on Psychology. July/August 2015.
- The Trevor Project. Self-Injury and its Relationship to Suicide Attempts Among LGBTQ Young People. October 9, 2023.
- National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC). Young people and self-harm. Accessed September 18, 2024.
- McEvoy D, Brannigan R, et al. Risk and protective factors for self-harm in adolescents and young adults: An umbrella review of systematic reviews. J Psychiatr Res. 2023;168:353-380.
- Mayo Clinic. Self-injury/cutting: Risk factors. April 6, 2023.
- McKean A, Rahmandar MH. When Children and Teens Self-Harm. American Academy of Pediatrics. June 18, 2024.
- The Trevor Project. Support for LGBTQ+ Self-Harm Recovery. August 21, 2021.
- Nemours Children’s Health. Helping Teens Who Self-Harm. June 2022.
- Nemours Children’s Health. How Can I Stop Cutting? August 2023.
- Gunnarsson NV. The scarred body: A personal reflection of self-injury scars. Qualitative Social Work. 2023;21(1), 37-52.