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About one-third of adults in the United States take a multivitamin. These supplements typically contain a blend of vitamins and minerals like vitamins A, C, and K, calcium, iron, and folic acid, among others. In 2020, U.S. sales of multivitamins reached $8 billion.
Proponents claim that multivitamins help ward off disease and protect your heart. But in 2022, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) concluded that there was not enough evidence to recommend the routine use of multivitamins to prevent either heart disease or cancer, the two leading causes of death in the United States.
So why are we still taking them in such huge numbers? Some people, including those who follow a vegan diet and those with medical conditions that prevent proper nutrient absorption—like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)—rely on multivitamins to get the nutrients their diets don’t provide. If you’re at risk for vitamin deficiency, your healthcare provider (HCP) can advise you on ways to get what your body needs.
Most of us, however, can get the daily recommended amounts of most vitamins and minerals from food alone. If you’re looking to increase your intake without popping a multivitamin, consider adding these nutrient-rich foods to those you may already be eating.
Sources: National Institutes of Health. Multivita... + 30
- National Institutes of Health. Multivitamin/mineral Supplements: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. July 17, 2024.
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Final Recommendation Statement: Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation to Prevent CVD and Cancer. June 21, 2022.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Leading Causes of Death. June 26, 2025.
- Ghishan FK, Kiela PR. Vitamins and Minerals in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2017;46(4):797-808.
- U.S. Department of Agriculture: FoodData Central. Sweet potato, raw, unprepared. Accessed September 26, 2025.
- National Institutes of Health. Vitamin A and Carotenoids: Fact Sheet for Consumers. March 10, 2025.
- National Institutes of Health. Vitamin A and Carotenoids: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. March 10, 2025.
- U.S. Department of Agriculture: FoodData Central. Lentils, NFS. Accessed September 26, 2025.
- MedlinePlus. Iron in Diet. January 21, 2025.
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- National Institutes of Health. Iron: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. September 4, 2025.
- Cleveland Clinic. 52 Foods High in Iron. March 15, 2023.
- National Institutes of Health. Vitamin C: Fact Sheet for Consumers. March 22, 2021.
- U.S. Department of Agriculture: FoodData Central. Broccoli, raw. Accessed September 26, 2025.
- National Institutes of Health. Vitamin C: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. July 31, 2025.
- National Institutes of Health. Vitamin D: Fact Sheet for Consumers. November 8, 2022.
- National Institutes of Health. Vitamin D: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. June 27, 2025.
- Liu X, Baylin A, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among US adults: prevalence, predictors and clinical implications. Br J Nutr. 2018;119(8):928-936.
- Harvard School of Public Health. Vitamin E. February 20, 2025.
- National Institutes of Health. Vitamin E: Fact Sheet for Consumers. March 22, 2021.
- U.S. Department of Agriculture: FoodData Central. Almonds, NFS. Accessed September 26, 2025.
- U.S. Department of Agriculture: FoodData Central. Sunflower seeds, NFS. Accessed September 26, 2025.
- National Institutes of Health. Vitamin E: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Page last reviewed March 26, 2021.
- MedlinePlus. Healthy Food Trends – Kale. Page last reviewed June 22, 2022.
- Budinger D, Barral S, et al. The role of manganese dysregulation in neurological disease: emerging evidence. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20(11):956-968.
- National Institutes of Health. Manganese: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. March 29, 2021.
- National Institutes of Health. Vitamin K: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. March 29, 2021.
- MedlinePlus. Calcium in Diet. January 21, 2025.
- National Institutes of Health. Calcium: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. July 11, 2025.
- U.S. Department of Agriculture: FoodData Central. Black beans, NFS. Accessed September 26, 2025.
- National Institutes of Health. Folate: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. November 30, 2022.